November is still full steam ahead in warm-winter zones. Direct sowing remains wide open, onion and brassica transplants continue moving outside, and the fall-and-winter garden that defines these zones keeps building.

Indoors (fresh harvests):

• Microgreens: peas, broccoli, sunflowers, arugula
• Sprouts: alfalfa, broccoli, radish, mung
• Herbs & greens under lights: chives, parsley, mint

Transplants to move outdoors (harden first): Brassica transplants started in September — broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, kohlrabi — are ready to harden off and move outside. Onions transplanted in September and October continue to establish; watch moisture closely while they root in.

Crops that can be directly sown outdoors in November: Beet, carrot, kale, Swiss chard, collards, lettuce, arugula, mustard, pak choi, turnip, bunching onion, cilantro, dill, corn salad, and Asian greens can all go in this month. Soil has cooled enough by now that spinach and carrot no longer need pre-germinating — direct sow as usual. Peas and fava beans are also a good choice for a winter harvest.

Cover crops: Crimson clover, field peas, hairy vetch, and oats are solid choices as temperatures continue to cool. Warm-season options like sunn hemp and cowpeas are done for the year.

Flowers: Calendula, nasturtium, sweet peas, and viola/pansy can all be direct sown this month.

Tip: A Southern California zone 10 can be very different from a Florida zone 10. Consider checking with your state Extension Service office for more specific recommendations and guidelines.

Use your USDA zone as a guide. Microclimates matter; coastal/urban spots run warmer; high-elevation spots run colder.