Warm Winter / Frost-Free Areas — Zones 9b–12

April is full spring momentum in the warm-winter zones, with many gardens shifting decisively into warm-season planting while remaining cool-season crops finish strong. This is a great month to direct sow and transplant heat lovers outdoors, and to keep succession planting going so harvests don't gap as days get longer and brighter. In the hottest areas, start planning for rising temperatures by watching irrigation closely, adding mulch, and timing your final rounds of tender cool-season crops before consistent heat arrives.

Indoors (fresh harvests):

• Microgreens: peas, broccoli, sunflowers, arugula
• Sprouts: alfalfa, broccoli, radish, mung
• Herbs & greens under lights: chives, parsley, mint

Transplants to move outdoors (weather permitting — harden first): pepper, tomato, eggplant, melons, basil

Crops that can be directly sown outdoors in April: cucumber, squash, beans, corn, melons, and okra. Transition note: lettuce, spinach, and other cool-season greens can still be sown in early April in some areas, but will bolt as the month progresses.

Cover crops: buckwheat, cow peas, sorghum

Tip: A Southern California zone 10 can be different from a Florida zone 10. Consider checking with your state Extension Service office for more specific recommendations and guidelines.

Use your USDA zone as a guide. Microclimates matter—coastal/urban spots run warmer; high elevation runs colder.