Zones:

August is the month that separates gardeners who think ahead from those who don't. Across most of the country, summer heat still dominates the landscape — but the calendar is already past the midpoint, and the first frost is closer than it feels. This is the month to push through the gardening fatigue that high summer engenders, and make the plantings that will fill the table in October and November. The reward for action in August is a genuine fall harvest; the cost of waiting is an empty garden.

Cold Winter Zones (3-7): August is the main event for fall direct sowing in cold-winter zones. The window is real but not endless — most fall crops need to be in the ground this month to mature before the October frost. Beets, kale, Swiss chard, spinach, lettuce, turnips, and other cool-season crops go in now. The heat feels wrong for it, but the calendar is right.

Mild Winter Zones (8-9a): August is the indoor-start month for mild-winter fall gardens. Broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and other brassicas started indoors now will be ready to transplant outdoors in September and October. Meanwhile, July's brassica starts can begin moving outside as the heat eases. Direct sowing of carrots, collards, and a few other crops begins late in the month.

Warm Winter Zones (9b-12): August is when the fall garden begins in earnest for warm-winter zones. Brassica transplants — broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage — need to be started indoors now so they are ready to go outside in September. Short-day onions also go indoors this month. Direct sowing of a few crops begins toward the end of August for the most heat-adapted growers. Fall is the prime season here, and August is its starting gun.